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Pseudacanthicus sp. L-064 is a Brazilian loricariid highly sought after by keepers of rare plecos. Associated with the Rio Xingu, this cactus-pleco type fish is recognized by its robust body, bony plates, and dark coloration marked with pale spots. Its L-064 number identifies a commercial form that is maintained under a provisional designation rather than an officially described species name. This profile concerns a wild-collected species, offered as a very rare fish exclusive to Ton.Fish in Canada. It is best suited to experienced aquarists able to provide a large, well-oxygenated aquarium with strong filtration and secure retreats.

General description of the species

Pseudacanthicus sp. L-064 belongs to the large armored plecos of the genus Pseudacanthicus. Like other members of this group, it has a ventral mouth adapted for holding onto rocky surfaces and strong fin rays. The L-064 code is used in the aquarium trade for this Xingu-basin form, whose taxonomic identification is presented under the genus name followed by sp. It is a bottom-dwelling fish with considerable growth potential, valued for its cactus pleco appearance and its very limited availability. Successful care requires space, shelters, and excellent water quality. Despite its robust appearance, it remains sensitive to organic waste buildup and poor oxygenation.

Geographical origin and biotope

The species originates from Brazil, in the basin of the Rio Xingu, an important southern tributary of the Amazon. The Xingu is known for warm water, generally soft to moderately mineralized conditions, and rocky areas exposed to steady flow. Pseudacanthicus associated with this environment occupy bottoms where rocks, cracks, and boulders provide daytime shelter. In an aquarium, this means recreating a combination of well-oxygenated current, strong hiding places, and mineral surfaces. Efficient filtration and regular water changes are essential, especially with a fish that becomes large and creates a substantial biological load.

Precise location and local name

The provenance generally associated with Pseudacanthicus sp. L-064 is the Rio Xingu in Brazil. The number L-064 is its reference designation in the specialist trade and loricariid catalogs, while Xingu cactus pleco is a common English vernacular name used by aquarists. L-numbers do not replace an official scientific name; they distinguish commercial forms or populations before complete identification. This designation is particularly useful for maintaining traceability of wild-collected fish and avoiding confusion with other spotted Pseudacanthicus from the Xingu basin.

Appearance and physical characteristics

Pseudacanthicus sp. L-064 has a stocky body, somewhat flattened underneath and protected by bony plates. The base color is usually dark brown to nearly black, with small contrasting pale markings across the body and fins. As its trade name suggests, its rays and plates give it the spiny appearance characteristic of cactus plecos. The head is broad, the lower mouth forms a sucker, and the pectoral and dorsal fins are well developed. The fins may show lighter edging depending on age and condition. It requires a large adult aquarium and a layout without sharp edges where its spines could become caught.

General diet

This Pseudacanthicus is an omnivore with a carnivorous tendency, not simply an algae eater. Its diet should combine sinking pellets high in protein, bottom-feeder tablets, and frozen foods such as shrimp, krill, or bloodworms, offered in moderation. Some plant matter is still beneficial, including zucchini, cucumber, or a complete food containing vegetable ingredients. Meals are best offered after the lights have been dimmed, when the fish becomes more active. Remove uneaten food to limit water pollution. A varied diet supports growth, body condition, and the development of its naturally spotted coloration.

Essential data

• River of origin: Rio Xingu
• Local name used: L-064; Xingu cactus pleco
• Origin of the scientific name: Pseudacanthicus is the genus name assigned to this group of loricariids; sp. indicates that the species is not specified in the trade designation.
• Etymology of the full name: pseudo means false or resembling; acanthicus refers to a spiny appearance; sp. abbreviates species; L-064 is an aquarium-trade classification code.
• Common/vernacular names: Xingu cactus pleco; cactus pleco L-064
• Family: Loricariidae
• Subfamily: Ancistrinae
• Name pronunciation: soo doh ak an thik us - es pee L zero six four
• Maximum adult size: approximately 30 cm
• Water temperature and pH: 27 to 31 °C; pH 6.0 to 7.5
• Watercourse appearance and surrounding vegetation: warm, clear to slightly stained water, rocky areas, boulders, and crevices; Amazonian riparian vegetation
• Typical tankmates: Hypancistrus zebra L-046, Pseudacanthicus pirarara L-025, Scobinancistrus aureatus L-014, Krobia xinguensis, Baryancistrus xanthellus L-018
• Temperament and behavior: generally secretive and territorial toward other bottom dwellers; mainly crepuscular and nocturnal
• Water depth: shallow to medium-depth benthic areas around rocks and crevices
• Sexual dimorphism: adult males are often broader headed and show more odontodes on the body and pectoral fins
• Bottom structure and flow: rocky bottom with crevices and boulders; moderate to strong current and highly oxygenated water
• Aquarium status: wild-collected, very rare, and exclusive to Ton.Fish in Canada

For greater success

To keep Pseudacanthicus sp. L-064 successfully, provide a spacious aquarium, oversized filtration, and a layout with large rocky shelters or secure tubes. The current should be vigorous without preventing the fish from reaching refuge. Monitor interactions between adults, especially when several loricariids share the same bottom area. Warm, clean, well-oxygenated water combined with a varied diet forms the foundation of long-term success. Because this is a very rare, wild-collected fish, buyers should pay close attention to its provenance and maintain stable conditions from acclimation onward.