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Cyphocharax multilineatus, known in the aquarium trade as the Golden Mascara Tetra, is a small South American characiform that remains uncommon in Quebec aquariums. Its silvery body, longitudinal lines, and dark contrast around the eye give it a restrained but distinctive appearance. Like several members of the Curimatidae family, it is a schooling fish that benefits from a mature, well-oxygenated aquarium with open swimming areas. This wild-collected species deserves careful acclimation and stable water conditions. With a rarity rating of 2 out of 3, it is a relatively uncommon find for aquarists looking for a different South American schooling fish rather than one of the more familiar captive-bred tetras.

General species description

Cyphocharax multilineatus is a freshwater South American fish belonging to the Curimatidae family. It is a schooling species with a generally peaceful temperament, making it suitable for community aquariums containing similarly sized fish. Most of its activity takes place in the middle and open areas of the aquarium, where it can swim as a group. Wild-collected specimens may be more reserved during their first days after arrival. Efficient filtration, good oxygenation, and regular water changes support its adjustment. Its availability remains moderately uncommon, especially when compared with widely available captive-bred tetras.

Geographical origin and biotope

Country of reference: Brazil. Cyphocharax multilineatus is associated with the Rio Araguaia basin in central-eastern Brazil. Its natural habitat includes river sections and connected freshwater areas, with flow ranging from slow to moderate depending on seasonal conditions. Banks may be bordered by riparian vegetation, while the bottom alternates between sand, fine sediment, and plant debris. In the aquarium, plants, roots, and open swimming space provide a more suitable setting than a completely rocky layout. Clean, stable, well-oxygenated water should remain the priority.

Precise locality and local name

The known range of Cyphocharax multilineatus is linked to the Rio Araguaia basin in Brazil. The main name used in the aquarium trade is Golden Mascara Tetra; no widely established Brazilian vernacular name is retained here. In its native range, it is associated with slow or moderately flowing areas near banks and natural shelter. For aquarists, this origin suggests a natural-looking aquarium with moderate lighting and enough circulation to maintain oxygen levels without creating excessive current throughout the tank.

Appearance and physical characteristics

The body of Cyphocharax multilineatus is elongated, laterally compressed, and covered with silvery scales. Several longitudinal lines run along the flanks, giving rise to the species epithet multilineatus. A darker marking around the eye contributes to the mask-like appearance suggested by its trade name, while the overall body may show golden reflections under suitable lighting. The fins are relatively understated and the body is adapted for group swimming. Adult size reaches approximately 8 cm, depending on the individual and its rearing conditions.

General diet

Cyphocharax multilineatus accepts a varied diet made up of small prepared foods, frozen foods, and small prey items. Fine granules or quality flakes can form the basis of its meals, supplemented with brine shrimp, daphnia, or other suitably sized meaty foods. Occasional plant-based foods may also be offered as part of a varied feeding program. It is better to provide small portions that the fish consume quickly. Variety and consistency help maintain good body condition and stronger coloration.

Essential data

• Native river: Rio Araguaia
• Local name used: Golden Mascara Tetra
• Origin of the scientific name: Cyphocharax is the genus name; multilineatus refers to the many lines on the body.
• Etymology of the full name: Cyphocharax combines Greek roots associated with an arched or swollen form and a fish; multilineatus means “provided with many lines.”
• Common/vernacular names: Golden Mascara Tetra
• Family: Curimatidae
• Subfamily: Curimatinae
• Name pronunciation: sif oh car ax mul tee lee nee AH tuss
• Discovery: information not retained
• Maximum adult size: approximately 8 cm
• Water temperature and pH: 22 to 28 °C; pH 6.0 to 7.5
• Watercourse appearance and surrounding vegetation: freshwater, vegetated banks, slow to moderately flowing areas
• Typical tankmates: peaceful small characiforms, similarly sized Corydoras, and non-aggressive bottom-dwelling fish
• Temperament and behaviour: peaceful, schooling, and active in open water
• Water depth: shallow to medium, near banks and sheltered areas
• Sexual dimorphism: limited; mature females may have a rounder body
• Bottom structure and flow: sand, fine sediment, and plant debris; slow to moderate flow

In your aquarium

To keep Cyphocharax multilineatus successfully, provide a mature aquarium with open central swimming space, plants or roots around the edges, and well-filtered water. Keep it in a group and avoid aggressive tankmates or fish that are much larger. Slow acclimation is especially important for this wild-collected species. Varied meals, small portions, and a stable routine will support its well-being. Because it is relatively uncommon, maintaining its condition and avoiding unnecessary handling after arrival are worthwhile priorities.